Major Endocrine Glands

The primary hormone-producing glands of the human body and their anatomical locations.

• Pineal gland: Small cone-shaped gland in the center of the brain that secretes melatonin to regulate sleep cycles.
• Pituitary gland: Master gland located at the base of the brain that controls several other endocrine glands.
• Thyroid gland: Butterfly-shaped gland in the anterior neck that produces hormones regulating metabolism.
• Thymus: Lymphoid organ in the upper chest that produces hormones involved in T cell maturation.
• Adrenal gland: Pyramidal gland sitting atop each kidney that secretes adrenaline, cortisol, and aldosterone.
• Pancreas: Glandular organ posterior to the stomach that secretes insulin and glucagon to balance blood sugar.
• Ovary: Female gonad that produces ova and the hormones estrogen and progesterone.
• Testis: Male gonad that produces sperm and the primary male sex hormone testosterone.